Botswana

Botswana is a landlocked sovereign state in Southern Africa, sharing its border with Zambia and Zimbabwe to the Northeast, South Africa to the south and southeast, and Namibia to the North and West. The climate is semi-arid, characterised by warm winters and hot summers. The terrain is dominated in the southwest by the Kalahari Desert and is home to different wildlife, including elephants, antelopes, and giraffes.

The population of the country is approximately 2.3 million, comprising a diverse ethnic group such as the Basarwa, the Tswana, and the Kalanga, and the country’s official languages are English and Tswana. The country is politically stable with a democratic parliamentary republican type of government which is administratively divided into 6 town councils and 10 districts, including Gaborone —the state capital. The mining sector is the most important sector of the economy, and the major source of foreign exchange comes from diamonds, copper, beef, and textiles. In 2017, the country was classified as an upper-middle-income country by the World Bank. The principal objective of the country’s National Development Plan is to become a high-income country by 2036. However, the country faces the problems of drought and the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS.